Concrete building



Aug. 29, 1933. I

R. C. OLMSTED CONCRETE BUILDING Filed Jan. 2. 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet lInvenior @SJEZLC 04/ 76727).

A Iforney Aug. 29, 1933. R. c. OLMSTED CONCRETE BUJELDING 5 Sheets-Sheet2 Filed Jan. 2. 1931 llisswwg a f E .7 n

f 0 i n e v n I Aug. 29, 1933, F}. COLMSTED 1,924,801

- I CONCRETE BUILDING Filed Jan. 2. 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 $4 f illorneyAug. 29, 1933. R. c. OLMSTED CONCRETE BUILDING 5 Sheets-Sheet 4' I FiledJan. 2. 1931 A llorney 163.3514 C 04 MQTE'Q 9, 1933. R. c. OLMSTED1,924,801

CONCRETE BUILDING Filed Jan. 2 1931 5.$heets-Sheet 5 Z1 4 v Inventor[Fa- 2342 C 04 075750.

A llorney Patented Aug. 29, 193a CONCRETE BUILDING Russell C. Olmsted,Cliffside, N. J.

Application January 2, 1931.

3 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in concrete structures, and moreparticularly it pertains to a novel form of concrete building and methodof constructing the same.

It is an object of the invention to improve the construction of concretebuildings and the method of their construction in a manner which willresult in a substantial building at a relatively low cost ofmanufacture.

The present invention contemplates the construction of concretebuildings from pre-cast reinforced concrete slabs, and a feature of theinvention resides in a novel/form of reinforcing elements for use in themanufacture and assembly of the slabs from which a building isconstructed.

Another feature of the invention resides in anovel wall constructionwhereby rigidity of walls and partitions is obtainable.

Another feature of the invention resides in a novel method of securingtogether the several slabs from which the building is formed, whereby, acontinuously connected building reinforcement, similar in effect to thefabricated steel structures of so-called modern fireproof buildings, isobtained.

Other features of the invention relate to certain novel and improvedconstructions, arrangements and combinations of parts hereinafterdescribed and particularly pointed out in the claims, the advantages ofwhich will be readily understood and appreciated by those skilled in theart.

The invention will be clearly understood from the accompanyingdrawingsillustrating the invention in a preferred form, and thefollowing detailed description of the constructions therein shown. I

In the drawings;

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a building constructed in accordancewith the present invention,

Figure 2 is a transverse sectional View taken on the line 22 of Figure1,

Figure 3 is a detail plan view of a section of a building constructed inaccordance with the present invention,

Figure 4 is a perspective view partly broken away of a buildingconstructed in accordance with the present invention,

Figure 5 is a detail perspective view on an enlarged scale illustratinga corner construction of the building,

Figure 6 is a vertical detail sectional view taken on an enlarged scaleshowing the detail construciaion of the connections between two wallcourses {and a floor course,

Serial No. 506,067

Figure '7 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 77 of Figure6.

Figure 8 is a fragmentary perspective view of one form of floor slab,

Figure 9 is a similar View of another type of 9 floor slab,

Figure 10 is a perspective view partly in section illustrating the walland floor construction upon the interior of a building constructed inaccordance with the'present invention,

Figure 11 is a detail sectional view illustrating the connection betweenthe ends of two floor slabs,

Figure 12 is a detail sectional view taken on the line 1212 of Figure10,

Figure 13 is a detail horizontal sectional view taken on the line 13-13of Figure 6,

Figure 14 is a detail vertical sectional view of a slightly modifiedform of the invention, I

Figure 15 is a detail vertical sectional view of a modified form ofpartition wall and floor course construction, and;

Figure 16 is a detail sectional view illustrating a slightly modifiedconstruction of floor slab.

In Figures 1 to 4 inclusive of the drawings,v there is illustrated in amore or less diagrammatic manner, a building constructed in accordancewith the present invention. The building chosen to illustrate theinvention is of the two story dwelling type, and consists of afoundation A, a lower floor course B, a lower wall course C, an upperfloor course D, an upper wall course E, a roof course F, and anornamental course G, which is herein illustrated as a wall of theparapet type.

The foundation A may be in the form of a plurality of pre-formedblocks,or if desired it may be of the molded type. The wall courses, and thefloor courses together with the roof course are formed from pre-castreinforced concrete slabs which are retained in position by connectingthe reinforcing elements of the slabs which consti tute one of the wallcourses, with the reinforcing elements in the slabs of the adjacent Wallcourse in a manner to be hereinafter described.

The outside walls of the building are designated 20, and by reference toFigure 2 it will be noted that these outside walls consist essentiallyof corner members 21, fiat slabs 22, and relatively narrow T-shapedslabs 23. The corner members 21 are angular in cross sectional form, andare reinforced by means of rods or the like 24 which extendlongitudinally thereof, which rods, however, preferably terminate shortof the ends of the corner members.

The slabs 22 are relatively flat and thin, and are reinforced by meansof longitudinally extending bars 25, similar to the bars 24 heretoforementioned, and upon their inner faces, these slabs 26 may be providedwith nailing strips of wood or other suitable material to which lathingor suitable interior finishing material may be secured. Certain of theseslabs 22 may be provided with window or door openings 27 and 28respectively.

The partition walls are designated 29 and are preferably formed fromrelatively thin rectangular slabs 30, which slabs may or mayv not bereinforced as desired, and they may be provided upon their opposite sidefaces with nailing strips such as 31, if desired, although in the caseof very thin slabs, these nailing strips may be omitted, and lathing orwall finishing 'material nailed directly to the slabs.

- The relatively narrow slabs 23, which as heretofore mentioned areT-shaped in cross section, which construction of slabs gives maximumstrength to the walls. These slabs 23 may be so positioned and spaced,that the stem of the T is disposed inwardly of the outside walls of thebuilding to form anchoring means for the partition walls, and memberssimilar to the slabs 23, and designated 32 may be employed wherepartition walls meet as indicated in Figure 2 of the drawings.

The floor slabs are designated 33 and 34, and these floor slabs areillustrated in detail in Figures 8 and 9 respectively.

-The floor slabs 33 are those slabs which lie next to, and extendparallel with one of the outside walls of the building, while the floorslabs 34 are those slabs which span the space between a partition walland an outside wall, or between two partition walls it being understoodthat all fioor slabs are supported at their ends either by two outsidewalls, one outside wall and a partition wall, or by two partition walls,as the case may be. Openings 35 pass through the floor slabs for apurpose to be hereinafter pointed out.

As best illustrated in Figure 12, the floor slabs are reinforced as at36 and they are preferably formed on their under face with dependingflanges 37 which define the side and end edges of the slabs. Nailingstrips 38 may be carried by the bottom faces of the flanges 37, and saidflanges may also be formed with openings 39 which extend therethrough,and the top face of the floor slabs may be rabbeted out as indicated at40.

In erecting a building in accordance with the present invention, thefloor slabs which form I the first floor course of the building restdirectly upon the foundation A and may be secured thereto. The slabswhich form the wall course C rest upon the floor course B, with theslabs which form the floor course D resting directly upon the upper endsof the slabs which form the wall course C, with the slabs which form thewall course E resting directly upon the slabs which form the fioorcourse D. This general arrangement of the several wall and fioor coursesis preferable but in some instances, as for example, where no lowerfloor course such as B is desired, the slabs which form the wall courseC may rest directly on and be secured to the foundation A.

Means is provided for securing the wall courses and the floor coursestogether in a rigid unitary structure, and this means preferablyconsists of means for connecting the reinforcing elements of the slabsof one wall course with the reinforcing elements of the slabs which formthe next adjacent wall course or directly with the slabs which form thefloor courses in such a manner that the connecting means per se isexterior of the slabs forming the wall courses.

For the purpose of better illustration of the Invention, let us assumethat the first wall course has been placed in position upon thefoundation, either with or without the floor course B. After this hasbeen done, angle bars are secured to the upper ends of the slabs 22which form the outside walls of the building, and these angle bars serveproperly to position the slabs, and to secure them against movementrelatively to one another. The angle bars 45 are secured in position byheaded bolts 46 which are received in internally threaded recesses insuitable attaching means in the form of inserts 47, which project in alateral plane through the wall slabs to one of the side faces thereof.These inserts 47 are attached to the reinforcing elements in the slabsin which they are embedded, preferably by flattening the inner end ofthe inserts as at 48, and providing an opening through which thereinforcing element may be passed as best illustrated in Figure 5. Nutssuch as 49 may be threaded upon the ends of the reinforcing elements 24to determine the position of the inserts 47, or the reinforcing elementsmay be bent over, or even headed for this purpose if desired.

It is to understood that the inserts are connected with, and positionedrelatively to the reinforcing elements during the molding of the slab,and that when the slab is molded, the in serts will project through oneof the faces of the slab to present the screw threaded recesses upon theface of the slab, in position to receive the bolts 46' which secure theangle bars 45 in position.

As best illustrated in Figure 6, the outer ends I of the floor slabsproject beyond the outer face of the outer walls of the building as at50 and these projecting ends 50 may be so formed as to presentornamental effects if desired.

As will be apparent by reference to Figure 6, each floor course restsupon the wall course below it, with the wall course above, resting uponthe floor course, and as illustrated in this figure, the floor slabs arenotched or recessed as at 51 to receive the angle bars 45. Passingthrough the floor slabs, and serving to connect the angle bars 45 of onefloor course with those of an adjacent floor course, there are bolts 52which also pass through the angle bars 45, and which are secured inposition by means of nuts or the like 53. By

this construction, the wall courses, and the fioor courses are tiedtogether in a unitary structure by connecting the reinforcing elementsof one wall course with those of the other wall course by means whichoccupies a position upon the 'exterior of the slabs instead of extendingthrough the ends of the slabs.

In Figure 14, there is illustrated a modified form of the invention inwhich the reinforcing elements of the wall courses are not connected asheretofore described, and in which the upper wall course is notpositioned directly over the lower wall course.

In this form of the invention the floor slabs 1%:-

are designated 200 and each slab is formed to provide a projectingportion 201 which extends the desired distance beyond the lower wallcourse here designated as 202, the upper wall course being designated203.

Angle bars 204 and headed bolts 205 are employed to secure the floorslabs to the lower wall course, and similar angle bars 206 and headedbolts 20'? are employed to secure the slabs of the upper wall course tothe slabs of the floor course, and the angle bars arepreferably set inrecesses such as 208 as in the heretofore described form of theinvention.

The upper ends of the slabs which form in the wall courses may beprovided with a projecting head or the like 54 which is adapted forreception within a groove or the like in the under face of the floorslabs, and interposed between the upper ends of the slabs of the lowerwall course and under face of the several floor slabs there is inserteda layer 56 of suitable waterproofing material such as tarred paper orthe like.

The lower ends of the wall slabs may be formed in their end face with agroove or the like 57 which receives a bead 58 upon the upper faces ofthe floor slabs, and interposed between the lower ends of the slabs ofthe upper wall course and the upper face of the slabs of the floorcourse, there is a layer 60 of suitable waterproofing material such astar paper. This construction provides a weatherproof joint between theupper faces of the floor slabs and the lower ends of the wall slabswhere they engage the floor slabs.

The joints between the wall slabs are best illustrated in Figure '7 andas will be noted by reference to this figure, each of the side edges ofthe wall slabs 22 is formed with relatively deep grooves 60 which aresubstantially centrally disposed, and upon each side of each of thegrooves 60 in each slab, there is a relatively smaller or shallowergroove 61.

When the wall slabs 22 are placed in wall forming position, the severalgrooves 60 and 61 in one slab coincide with those in the adjacent slabto form substantially circular channels extending along the meetingfaces of the edges of the wall slabs, the centrally disposed circularchannel being the largest in diameter.

The wall slabs being placed in position, and held by the angle bars 45,dams 62 in the form of plugs preferably of wood are driven into thechannels formed by the grooves 61, and these dams close the ends of thespace between the meeting edges of two slabs. Grout or similar sealingmedium is now poured into the space between the meeting edges of thewall slabs, which sealing medium forms a lock between the individualwall slabs, and also secures the dams 62 against accidentaldisplacement. In some cases, it may be desirable to insert a reinforcingelement in the form of a rod or the like 63 in the space formed by thelarger grooves 60, for the purpose of packing the sealing medium morethoroughly into place.

In a similar manner, the vertical joints between the floor slabs may beweatherproofed, and this feature of the invention is illustrated inFigure 13. Referring to said figure, 65 designates the joint between thefloor slabs 33, and at a point which falls beneath the wall slabs, asindicated by the dotted lines 66, the side edges of the floor slabs areprovided with a relatively large groove 67, and relatively smallergrooves 68, which, when the floor slabs are properly positioned, formone relatively large channel, and two relatively small channels whichextend vertically of the side edges of the slabs. Dams 69 are insertedin the relatively small channels, and suitable sealing medium such asgrout poured into the space between the side edges of the floor slabs tofill the space betweenthe meetingfaces of the floor slabs, and forming akey to lock the same together. The dams 69 are preferably left inposition and they also serve as keys between the floor slabs, they beingheld against movement by the sealing medium.

The inner ends of the floor slabs rest on top of the partitions, andwhere the ends of two floor slabs meet, they may be secured together bymeans of bolts. This construction is illustrated in Figures 10 and 11and preferably consists of a T-beam '70 mounted on the upper edge of thepartition in inverted position. The ends of the floor slabs rest uponthe arms of the beam, and the stem '71 of the beam extends upwardlybetween the floor slabs. Grout or similar sealing medium '72 is thenfilled in between the ends of the floor slabs to fill the joint. A bolt'73 is preferably passed through the alined openings 39 to secure theends of the floor slabs and the T-beam '70 together as a unitary rigidstructure.

In Figure 15 there is illustrated a slightly modified form of partitionwall and floor slab construction, and in this form of construction, theT-beams '70 are eliminated, the floor slabs resting directly upon theupper ends of the slabs which form the partition walls, angle bars 210being also employed. The angle bars 210 may be secured to the partitionwalls 211 by bolts 212, and to each other through the floor slabs bybolts 214. Suitable sealing medium such as 215 may also be employed inthis form of the invention.

The rabbeted edges 40 heretofore described form grooves for thereception of a suitable sealing medium '74 which together with thesealing medium 72 serves to provide a smooth floor surface upon theupper face of the floor course.

A bolt 73 may be inserted in each set of alined openings 39, or ifdesired, certain of these bolts may be omitted in which case theopenings 39 may be employed, to receive and support electricityconducting cables, and thus keep said cables within the thickness of thefloor course.

In Figure 16 there is illustrated a slightly modified form of floor slabin which nailing strips 300 and 301 are provided. The nailing strips 300are seated in recesses formed in the abutting edges of floor slabs andheld in position by wood screws or the like 302 which are positionedbetween theabutting edges of the floor slabs, and which may have theirheads covered with grout or the like 303. The nailing strips 301 aresecured in position by threaded bolts or the like 304 which are threadedinto internally threaded metallic inserts 305 carried in the floorslabs.

The roof course it is to be understood will be preferably flat, and isnot herein illustrated since it is of substantially the sameconstruction as a floor course and is formed of slabs which are securedin position as are the slabs which form the floor courses, and theparapet wall may be formed of slabs which are secured in position in thesame manner as are the wall forming slabs.

Thus it will be apparent that the present invention provides a novelconstruction of 'concrete building in which the building is formed forpre-cast slabs, which may be manufactured at a point remote from thebuilding location, transferred to the building and readily erected toform a building in comparatively little time, and which building will beboth substantial and attractive.

While the invention has been herein illustrated in a preferred form, itis to be understood that it is not to be limited to the exactconstruction and details herein illustrated, and that it may bepracticed in many other forms which fall within the perview of theappended cl ims.

Having thus described the vention, what is claimed as new, and what itis desired to secure by United States Letters Patent, is;

1. A concrete building construction comprising a foundation course,reinforcing elements in said foundation course, attaching elementsconnected to said reinforcing elements and projecting through thefoundation in a lateral plane, angle bars extending along the upper edgeof said foundation, a wall course formed of reinforced pre-cast slabs,resting on end on said foundation, means for connecting the reinforcingelements of the foundation with the reinforcing elements of the slabs ofthe wall course through said attaching elements, a floor coursesupported upon the upper edge of the wall course, a second wall courseformed of reinforced pre-cast slabs supported on said floor course, andmeans for connecting the reinforcing elements of the slabs of the wallcourses through said floor course.

2. In a building construction, superimposed wall courses, a floor courseinterposed between said superimposed wall courses, reinforcing elementsextending vertically of the wall courses, inserts extending laterally ofthe wall courses to the edge, floor course supporting elements, meansfor securing the floor course supporting elements tosaid inserts andmeans for securing the floor course to said floor course supportingelements.

3. In a building construction, superimposed wall courses, a floorcourse, reinforcing elements embedded in said wall courses, socketedinserts connected to and extending angularly from the reinforcingelements to the outer edge of the wall courses, angle irons betweenwhich the floor course is positioned, means engaging the socketedinserts for securing the angle irons to their respective wall course,and means for securing said floor course to said angle irons.

' RUSSELL C. OLMSTED.

